CLO1 (Course Learning Outcome 1) -- Explain basic database concepts, including the structure and operations of the relational data model.

CLO2 -- Identify key components of database management systems and their functions at a high level.

CLO3 -- Conduct normalization to decompose relations into 3NF or BCNF when that removes anomalies.

CLO4 -- Use SQL as a data definition language (DDL) to create and alter databases, tables, views, and indexes

CLO5 -- Use SQL as a data manipulation language (DML) for querying and modifying databases

CLO6 -- Define and use constraints and triggers in SQL

CLO7 -- Describe the concept of transactions

CLO8 -- Build a simple database application in a high-level programming language (e.g., Java and Python) that interacts with a relational database system at the back-end

CLO9 -- Describe one of the well-known data distribution technologies such as replication and partitioning

N/A -- Important material covered in the course but not directly related to a specific learning outcome.