A module is an item of content that can be combined together with other modules to form courses. A simple module is a lecture, lab, or demo. A composite module might consist of several related sub-modules (see the Composite Design Pattern):
Modules can have objectives, outcomes, and prerequisites. Modules can depend on other modules, thus the set of all modules forms a dependency graph.
Ideally, a content or course management system should be used to organize modules.