Chris Pollett>Old Classes>PIC 10a, Spring 2000>Practice Midterm

1. Define the following terms and give an example of them:
   1. local variable
   2. call-by-reference
   3. type casting
   4. infinite loop
   5. polymorphism
2. Consider the following two code fragments:
   Fragment 1:

   if( x==1)
   {
   	cout << "hi there";
   }
   else if(y ==1)
   {
   	cout <<"ho there";
   }
   

   Fragment 2:

   if( x==1)
   {
   	cout << "hi there";
   }
   if(y ==1)
   {
   	cout <<"ho there";
   }
   

   Do these pieces of code produce the same output? Explain why or why not.
3. When a divide by zero occurs in running program assume Floating exception is printed to the screen somehow. What does the following code output?

   int main()
   {
           int x=0;
           if(false && (7/x>0 || true))
                   cout<<"hi there";
   	return 0;
   }
   

4. Write a function with prototype:

       double power(int x, int y);
   

   that calculates x^y for all integers (positive and negative). For any inputs involving an x value of zero it returns 0.
5. Write a program that uses a const variable which does the following. It asks the user to enter a price as a double then computes the sales tax and prints Your tax is: and outputs it to two digits precision. The tax rate is 8.25 percent.
6. Write a program that prints out the following exactly:

   This is a quote " and this is a slash \
   

7. Explain function overloading by writing two functions: one that takes two ints and returns the smaller int and the other takes three ints and returns the smallest int.
8. What does the following code print out?

   #include< iostream.h>
   
   int function1(int i);
   
   int a=0;
   
   int main()
   {
      int b;
   
      {
        a++;
      }
   
      cout << a << endl;
   
      {
        int a = 2;
   
        cout << a << endl;
      }
   
      {
        cout << a << endl;
      }
   
      b= function1(a);
   
      cout<< "a:" << a << "b: " << b << endl;
   
      return 0;
   }
   
   int function1 (int i)
   {
       int a =3;
       i++;
       return i;
   }
   

9. Which of the following pairs of expressions are equivalent?
   1. a + b - c
      a + (b - c)
   2. 2*7%5
      14%5
   3. ( x < z) && ( z < y)
      !((x>=z) || (z >=y))
10. Give an example of how to use a do while loop.