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   "source": [
    "### <center>San Jose State University<br>Department of Applied Data Science<br><br>**DATA 200<br>Computational Programming for Data Analytics**<br><br>Spring 2024<br>Instructor: Ron Mak</center>"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "# 4.5 Case Study: A Game of Chance"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "#### We simulate the game of \"craps\". The player repeately rolls two dice and adds the faces that come up.\n",
    "- #### On the first roll:\n",
    "    - #### If the sum is 7 , the player immediately wins.\n",
    "    - #### If the sum is 2, 3, or 12, the player immediately loses.\n",
    "    - #### Any other sum becomes the player's \"point\" and the game continues.\n",
    "- #### On each subsequent roll:\n",
    "    - #### If the player \"makes the point\" (rolls the point value), the player wins.\n",
    "    - #### If the player's sum is 7, the player loses and the game ends.\n",
    "    - #### Otherwise, the game continues."
   ]
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  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import random"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def roll_dice():\n",
    "    \"\"\"Roll two dice and return their face values as a tuple.\"\"\"\n",
    "    die1 = random.randrange(1, 7)\n",
    "    die2 = random.randrange(1, 7)\n",
    "    return (die1, die2)  # pack die face values into a tuple"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def display_dice(dice):\n",
    "    \"\"\"Display one roll of the two dice.\"\"\"\n",
    "    die1, die2 = dice  # unpack the tuple into variables die1 and die2\n",
    "    print(f'Player rolled {die1} + {die2} = {sum(dice)}')"
   ]
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### First roll."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "die_values = roll_dice()\n",
    "display_dice(die_values)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Determine the game status and the player's point, based on first roll."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sum_of_dice = sum(die_values)\n",
    "\n",
    "if sum_of_dice in (7, 11):  # win\n",
    "    game_status = 'WON'\n",
    "elif sum_of_dice in (2, 3, 12):  # lose\n",
    "    game_status = 'LOST'\n",
    "    \n",
    "else:  # remember point\n",
    "    game_status = 'CONTINUE'\n",
    "    my_point = sum_of_dice\n",
    "    print('Point is', my_point)"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Continue rolling until player wins or loses."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "while game_status == 'CONTINUE':\n",
    "    die_values = roll_dice()\n",
    "    display_dice(die_values)\n",
    "    sum_of_dice = sum(die_values)\n",
    "\n",
    "    if sum_of_dice == my_point:  # win by making point\n",
    "        game_status = 'WON'\n",
    "    elif sum_of_dice == 7:  # lose by rolling 7\n",
    "        game_status = 'LOST'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Display the \"wins\" or \"loses\" message."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "if game_status == 'WON':\n",
    "    print('Player wins')\n",
    "else:\n",
    "    print('Player loses')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### **EXAMPLE:** Pack a `student` tuple with the name 'Sue' and the list `[89, 94, 85]` and display the tuple. Then unpack the tuple into variables `name` and `grades`, and display their values."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "student = ('Sue', [89, 94, 85])\n",
    "student"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "name, grades = student"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "name"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "grades"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "##########################################################################\n",
    "# (C) Copyright 2019 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and                    #\n",
    "# Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.                           #\n",
    "#                                                                        #\n",
    "# DISCLAIMER: The authors and publisher of this book have used their     #\n",
    "# best efforts in preparing the book. These efforts include the          #\n",
    "# development, research, and testing of the theories and programs        #\n",
    "# to determine their effectiveness. The authors and publisher make       #\n",
    "# no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these    #\n",
    "# programs or to the documentation contained in these books. The authors #\n",
    "# and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or       #\n",
    "# consequential damages in connection with, or arising out of, the       #\n",
    "# furnishing, performance, or use of these programs.                     #\n",
    "##########################################################################\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Additional material (C) Copyright 2023 by Ronald Mak"
   ]
  }
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