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   "source": [
    "### <center>San Jose State University<br>Department of Applied Data Science<br><br>**DATA 200<br>Computational Programming for Data Analytics**<br><br>Spring 2023<br>Instructor: Ron Mak</center>"
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    "# 3.8 `for` Statement \n",
    "\n",
    "#### The `for` statement is the other type of looping statement. Use it whenever you want to repeatedly execute a suite, once for each item in a sequence of items.\n",
    "\n",
    "#### For example, a string is a sequence of characters."
   ]
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   "source": [
    "for character in 'Programming':\n",
    "    print(character, end='  ')"
   ]
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Function `print`’s `sep` Keyword Argument \n",
    "\n",
    "#### The default separation character is a single blank. We can change that with the `sep` keyword argument."
   ]
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   "source": [
    "print(10, 20, 30)\n",
    "print(10, 20, 30, sep=', ')"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "## 3.8.1 Iterables, Lists, and Iterators\n",
    "\n",
    "#### In a `for` statement, what's to the right of the keyword `in` must be an **iterable** -- an object that contains a sequence of items that the `for` statement can take in order one at a time. The string `'Programming'` is an iterable since it consists of a sequence of characters, and the above `for` statement processed each character in order one at a time. We say that the `for` loop **iterates** over the string.\n",
    "\n",
    "#### In the following, `[2, -3, 0, 17, 9]` is a Python **list** object. It consists of a sequence of values separated by values and enclosed in square brackets. A list is an iterable, and the `for` loop iterates over the list to compute its sum"
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   "source": [
    "total = 0\n",
    "\n",
    "for number in [2, -3, 0, 17, 9]:\n",
    "    total = total + number"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
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   "source": [
    "total"
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    "#### Behind each sequence (such as a string or a list) is a hidden **iterator**.\n",
    "- The iterator knows how to get each item of the sequence in order one at a time, from the first to the last.\n",
    "- The iterator keeps track of which item it last got so that it can get the next item when it's asked to do so. \n",
    "\n",
    "#### A `for` loop repeately asks the iterator for the items until there no more items. The `for` loop executes its suite after getting each item."
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   "source": [
    "## 3.8.2 Built-In `range` Function and Generators"
   ]
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   "source": [
    "#### We can use Python's `range()` function."
   ]
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   "execution_count": null,
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   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "for counter in range(10):\n",
    "    print(counter, end=' ')"
   ]
  },
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### Note that by default, the range starts with 0 and goes by 1 up to, but **not** including, the argument value."
   ]
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   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### **EXERCISE:** Use the range function and a `for` loop to calculate and print the sum of the integers 1 through 1 million."
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   "source": [
    "##########################################################################\n",
    "# (C) Copyright 2019 by Deitel & Associates, Inc. and                    #\n",
    "# Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved.                           #\n",
    "#                                                                        #\n",
    "# DISCLAIMER: The authors and publisher of this book have used their     #\n",
    "# best efforts in preparing the book. These efforts include the          #\n",
    "# development, research, and testing of the theories and programs        #\n",
    "# to determine their effectiveness. The authors and publisher make       #\n",
    "# no warranty of any kind, expressed or implied, with regard to these    #\n",
    "# programs or to the documentation contained in these books. The authors #\n",
    "# and publisher shall not be liable in any event for incidental or       #\n",
    "# consequential damages in connection with, or arising out of, the       #\n",
    "# furnishing, performance, or use of these programs.                     #\n",
    "##########################################################################\n"
   ]
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  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Additional material (C) Copyright 2023 by Ronald Mak"
   ]
  }
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